Compare Arctic Ocean (2001) - Guam (2005)

Compare Arctic Ocean (2001) z Guam (2005)

	Arctic Ocean (2001)	Guam (2005)

Administrative divisions	-	none (territory of the US)
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 29.4% (male 25,645/female 23,887) 15-64 years: 64.1% (male 55,115/female 52,935) 65 years and over: 6.5% (male 5,157/female 5,825) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	fruits, copra, vegetables; eggs, pork, poultry, beef
Airports	-	5 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 4 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 14.056 million sq km note: includes Baffin Bay, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Greenland Sea, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, Northwest Passage, and other tributary water bodies	total: 549 sq km land: 549 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US	three times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and the recently delimited Southern Ocean). The Northwest Passage (US and Canada) and Northern Sea Route (Norway and Russia) are two important seasonal waterways. A sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes circumscribes the Arctic Ocean.	Guam was ceded to the US by Spain in 1898. Captured by the Japanese in 1941, it was retaken by the US three years later. The military installation on the island is one of the most strategically important US bases in the Pacific.
Birth rate	-	19.03 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $340 million expenditures: $445 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2000 est.)
Capital	-	Hagatna (Agana)
Climate	polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow	tropical marine; generally warm and humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season from January to June, rainy season from July to December; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline	45,389 km	125.5 km
Constitution	-	Organic Act of 1 August 1950
Country name	-	conventional long form: Territory of Guam conventional short form: Guam local long form: Guahan
Death rate	-	4.41 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	-	NA
Dependency status	-	organized, unincorporated territory of the US with policy relations between Guam and the US under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior
Diplomatic representation from the US	-	none (territory of the US)
Diplomatic representation in the US	-	none (territory of the US)
Disputes - international	some maritime disputes (see littoral states)	none
Economic aid - recipient	-	Guam receives large transfer payments from the US Federal Treasury ($143 million in 1997) into which Guamanians pay no income or excise taxes; under the provisions of a special law of Congress, the Guam Treasury, rather than the US Treasury, receives federal income taxes paid by military and civilian Federal employees stationed in Guam (2001 est.)
Economy - overview	Economic activity is limited to the exploitation of natural resources, including petroleum, natural gas, fish, and seals.	The economy depends on US military spending, tourism, and the export of fish and handicrafts. Total US grants, wage payments, and procurement outlays amounted to $1 billion in 1998. Over the past 20 years, the tourist industry has grown rapidly, creating a construction boom for new hotels and the expansion of older ones. More than 1 million tourists visit Guam each year. The industry had recently suffered setbacks because of the continuing Japanese slowdown; the Japanese normally make up almost 90% of the tourists. Most food and industrial goods are imported. Guam faces the problem of building up the civilian economic sector to offset the impact of military downsizing.
Electricity - consumption	-	776.6 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	-	835 million kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Fram Basin -4,665 m highest point: sea level 0 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Lamlam 406 m
Environment - current issues	endangered marine species include walruses and whales; fragile ecosystem slow to change and slow to recover from disruptions or damage; thinning polar icepack	extirpation of native bird population by the rapid proliferation of the brown tree snake, an exotic, invasive species
Ethnic groups	-	Chamorro 37.1%, Filipino 26.3%, other Pacific islander 11.3%, white 6.9%, other Asian 6.3%, other ethnic origin or race 2.3%, mixed 9.8% (2000 census)
Exchange rates	-	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	-	chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001) head of government: Governor Felix P. P. CAMACHO (since 6 January 2003) and Lieutenant Governor Kaleo MOYLAN (since 6 January 2003) cabinet: executive departments; heads appointed by the governor with the consent of the Guam legislature elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for a four-year term; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year term; election last held 5 November 2002 (next to be held November 2006) election results: Felix P. P. CAMACHO elected governor; percent of vote - Felix P. P. CAMACHO (Republican Party) 55.4%, Robert A. UNDERWOOD (Democratic Party) 44.6%
Exports	-	NA
Exports - commodities	-	mostly transshipments of refined petroleum products; construction materials, fish, food and beverage products
Exports - partners	-	Japan 66.1%, South Korea 9.9%, Singapore 8.4% (2004)
Fiscal year	-	1 October - 30 September
Flag description	-	territorial flag is dark blue with a narrow red border on all four sides; centered is a red-bordered, pointed, vertical ellipse containing a beach scene, outrigger canoe with sail, and a palm tree with the word GUAM superimposed in bold red letters; US flag is the national flag
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 7% industry: 15% services: 78% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $21,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	NA
Geographic coordinates	90 00 N, 0 00 E	13 28 N, 144 47 E
Geography - note	major chokepoint is the southern Chukchi Sea (northern access to the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait); strategic location between North America and Russia; shortest marine link between the extremes of eastern and western Russia; floating research stations operated by the US and Russia; maximum snow cover in March or April about 20 to 50 centimeters over the frozen ocean; snow cover lasts about 10 months	largest and southernmost island in the Mariana Islands archipelago; strategic location in western North Pacific Ocean
Highways	-	total: 977 km paved: 962 km unpaved: 15 km (2004)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports	-	NA
Imports - commodities	-	petroleum and petroleum products, food, manufactured goods
Imports - partners	-	Singapore 39.5%, South Korea 20.8%, Japan 19%, Hong Kong 9%, Philippines 4.3% (2004)
Independence	-	none (territory of the US)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA
Industries	-	US military, tourism, construction, transshipment services, concrete products, printing and publishing, food processing, textiles
Infant mortality rate	-	total: 6.94 deaths/1,000 live births male: 7.61 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	0% (1999 est.)
International organization participation	-	Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UPU
Irrigated land	-	NA
Judicial branch	-	Federal District Court (judge is appointed by the president); Territorial Superior Court (judges appointed for eight-year terms by the governor)
Labor force	-	60,000 (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	-	private 74% (industry 10%, trade 24%, other services 40%), federal and territorial government 26% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries	-	0 km
Land use	-	arable land: 9.09% permanent crops: 16.36% other: 74.55% (2001)
Languages	-	English 38.3%, Chamorro 22.2%, Philippine languages 22.2%, other Pacific island languages 6.8%, Asian languages 7%, other languages 3.5% (2000 census)
Legal system	-	modeled on US; US federal laws apply
Legislative branch	-	unicameral Legislature (15 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve two-year terms) elections: last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Democratic Party 6, Republican Party 9 note: Guam elects one nonvoting delegate to the US House of Representatives; election last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2006); results - Madeleine BORDALLO (Democratic Party) was elected as delegate; percent of vote by party - Democratic Party 64.6%, Republican Party 35.4%; seats by party - Democratic Party 1
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 78.4 years male: 75.34 years female: 81.64 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1990 est.)
Location	body of water between Europe, Asia, and North America, mostly north of the Arctic Circle	Oceania, island in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to the Philippines
Map references	Arctic Region	Oceania
Maritime claims	-	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of the US
National holiday	-	Discovery Day, first Monday in March (1521)
Nationality	-	noun: Guamanian(s) adjective: Guamanian
Natural hazards	ice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May	frequent squalls during rainy season; relatively rare, but potentially very destructive typhoons (June - December)
Natural resources	sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules, oil and gas fields, fish, marine mammals (seals and whales)	fishing (largely undeveloped), tourism (especially from Japan)
Net migration rate	-	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	-	Democratic Party [leader Michael PHILLIPS]; Republican Party (controls the legislature) [leader Philip J. FLORES]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	-	168,564 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	23% (2001 est.)
Population growth rate	-	1.46% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	Churchill (Canada), Murmansk (Russia), Prudhoe Bay (US)	Apra Harbor
Radio broadcast stations	-	AM 4, FM 7, shortwave 2 (2003)
Religions	-	Roman Catholic 85%, other 15% (1999 est.)
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal; US citizens, but do not vote in US presidential elections
Telephone system	-	general assessment: modern system, integrated with US facilities for direct dialing, including free use of 800 numbers domestic: modern digital system, including cellular mobile service and local access to the Internet international: country code - 1-671; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean); submarine cables to US and Japan (Guam is a trans-Pacific communications hub for MCI, Sprint, AT&T, IT&E, and GTE, linking the US and Asia)
Telephones - main lines in use	-	84,134 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	32,600 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	-	5 (1997)
Terrain	central surface covered by a perennial drifting polar icepack that averages about 3 meters in thickness, although pressure ridges may be three times that size; clockwise drift pattern in the Beaufort Gyral Stream, but nearly straight-line movement from the New Siberian Islands (Russia) to Denmark Strait (between Greenland and Iceland); the icepack is surrounded by open seas during the summer, but more than doubles in size during the winter and extends to the encircling landmasses; the ocean floor is about 50% continental shelf (highest percentage of any ocean) with the remainder a central basin interrupted by three submarine ridges (Alpha Cordillera, Nansen Cordillera, and Lomonosov Ridge)	volcanic origin, surrounded by coral reefs; relatively flat coralline limestone plateau (source of most fresh water), with steep coastal cliffs and narrow coastal plains in north, low hills in center, mountains in south
Total fertility rate	-	2.6 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	15% (2000 est.)

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